Presumption of Innocence

“The presumption of innocence is the principle that one is considered innocent unless proven guilty.” (Wikipedia).  Today I’m going to be writing about Adnan Syed, the innocent man in jail.

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Adnan Syed was sentenced to a lifetime in prison in February of 2000 after being convicted for murdering ex-girlfriend Hae Min Lee.  Lee first disappeared on January 13, 1999, her body was found four weeks later — her cause of death, manual strangulation.

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Adnan’s friend Jay

Syed was first created a suspect after his former friend, Jay Wilds, told the story of Adnan Murdering Lee to the police.  A podcast by the name of Serial covered the story of Lee’s disappearance, Syed’s conviction, and investigated further into the future as well.  Serial’s beloved host Sarah Koenig, falls down this winding road and finds it very difficult at times to understand why it was that Adnan could ever have been proven guilty.  I too felt like this while listening to the podcast, and it made me wonder, what do they really have against Adnan?

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Map of Leakin Park

To begin, I’m going to talk about the interviews with Adnan’s friend Jay.  Jay has four interviews with the people behind Serial and each time his story becomes a little bit farther off from that of the last. In the first interview, Jay tells Keonig that Adnan had told him that he was going to kill Hae 5 days before her suspected death, in the next interview he claims that it was actually the day of her death that Adnan told him that.  In the following interviews, he claims that he was not involved in the burial and then in the next said he was.  Jay even proceeded to alter the story again in 2014.  Now, Jay’s inconsistencies in his stories don’t go to say that Adnan didn’t murder Hae but it does tell you that Jay isn’t a reliable source.  Jay changes his story too many times, his memory may have been skewed because of drugs or even because he was shaken up by his friend telling him he was going to murder someone but that still leaves Jay as an unreliable source.

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Fax cover from AT&T

Next, the cell phone evidence presented in court.  It was presented in court that Syed’s phone pinged a cell phone tower which placed him at Leakin Park at 7:09 on the night of Hae’s disappearance.  This was a great deal of evidence in the case because it was thought that this confirmed he was there when really it too is extremely unreliable.  That AT&T tower covers Leakin park as well as much of the surrounding area, in addition to this, AT&T also included that “Outgoing calls only are reliable for location status.  Any incoming calls will NOT be considered reliable information for location”.  This reveals how truly unreliable the cell tower evidence is, seeing as it isn’t even “evidence” at all.

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My position in this case isn’t to say how it is clear that Adnan didn’t kill Hae, I am simply stating how it was unreasonable for him the be convicted for something that the state didn’t have strong evidence of.  Yes, it is valid to use his Adnan’s social tendencies and his relationship to Hae before she died as a motive to further support presented evidence, but I believe that it should not be used as “evidence” since it has no relation to the death of Hae.  The only other sets of evidence presented in the case such as the timing of the cell phone tower and the timestamps of phone calls are all very easily deconstructed back to the point where it could have been anyone, even someone who wasn’t an initial suspect.

Frankly, I believe that this case didn’t go on long enough.  There were too many unexplored possibilities that should have been uncovered upon realizing the lack of definite evidence, evidence that directly connects to the death of Hae Min Lee.  An example of this is Asia McClain.

The fact that she was completely excluded from the first hearing is crazy to think about.  Asia is Adnan’s perfect alibi, if Jay’s word and Adnan’s potential motives were enough to sway the ruling to guilty, a simple alibi protecting Adnan should have declared him innocent since no other evidence against him was valid.  From that point, if justice still needs to be met then other suspects could be looked into.

 

Works Cited

      “Adnan Syed Is Innocent and I Can Prove It: Lawyer Rabia Chaudry.” PEOPLE.com, Time Inc, people.com/crime/adnan-syed-is-innocent-and-i-can-prove-it-lawyer-rabia-chaudry/.
      ABCNews. “Asia McClain Speaks Out About ‘Serial’s’ Adnan Syed.” YouTube, YouTube, 10 Feb. 2016, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqwUqzZ2lpE.
      McDonell-Parry, Amelia. “’Serial’ Subject Adnan Syed: 4 Key Pieces of Evidence.” Rolling Stone, Rolling Stone, 25 June 2018, http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/serial-
subject-adnan-syed-4-key-pieces-of-evidence-explained-240960/.
      “Presumption of Innocence.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 July 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presumption_of_innocence.
      “r/Serialpodcast.” Reddit, http://www.reddit.com/r/serialpodcast/.
      “Serial: An Examination of the Prosecution’s Evidence Against Adnan Syed.” The View From LL2, 4 Jan. 2015, viewfromll2.com/2014/12/08/serial-an-examination-of-the-prosecutions-evidence-against-adnan-syed/.
      “Strangling.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 June 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangling#Manual_strangulation.
      Swaine, Jon. “Serial’s Adnan Syed: Doubts over Cellphone Evidence Central to Retrial.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 1 July 2016, http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2016/jul/01/serial-adnan-syed-new-trial-hae-min-lee-murder.

What’s the deal with Podcasts?

 

 

Just recently I listened in on the first episode of a series called Serial. “Serial is a podcast from the creators of This American Life hosted by Sarah Koenig” (Serial).  In the first episode, Sarah talks about a murder mystery that fell right into her lap, a very interesting story that she walks you through as if you were solving it yourself.

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Serial Logo

Serial is a podcast, one with no video. I hadn’t ever really listened to a podcast before, so this was a really neat experience for me. I really enjoy listening to podcasts now, especially this one.  Serial was very interesting to me, I love mysteries and have always enjoyed figuring out my way through puzzles, which Serial does constantly as the narrator walks through the story with you. On top of the plot of the episode, there’s also the fact that its a podcast, and since it is I was able to listen and

Investigating a Mystery

keep doing other things at the same time.  This is something I really enjoyed, listening to the podcast was like a break from the English course and not only that it was also really entertaining. When answering questions afterward though, I discovered the only thing I truly dislike about podcasts. Audio is linear. This means that since there are no visuals for reference, and it is extremely difficult to find something that I wanted to hear again from before.  I noticed this when I was taking a quote from something Sarah had said, I had a difficult time finding where it was again

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Podcast Logo

and then had to play it back a few times while I was writing it out. However, since I’m a slow reader, and since I don’t really enjoy reading all that much, podcasts are a great alternative to that.

 

I haven’t really talked about the actual story all that much so I guess this is what I’ll do now.  The story that the podcast runs off of is a true story, the death, the calls, the evidence, all real.  Koenig begins the podcast with a bit of her own research. She went to teens on the street and asked them what they did a certain day, a week or so back.  This got me thinking if I were on the other side of this, what was I doing two weeks ago today? Could I describe that in detail? Well, I am an extremely forgetful person, so probably not.  Since I am forgetful though I do keep my calendar with things I have to do that I could look back on, and I Image result for calendar pngalso like to take pictures which can spark my memory as well. Sarah’s point was that no one really remembers the details of just the average day, people could recall their usual routine but that’s about it.  That’s really scary in the context of the story, there were so many people surrounding the victim and the suspect that thought that it was just an average day. No one remembers those average days, only the events within them, which is the reason that Adnan Syed is still locked up for something he may not have ever done.  

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I can’t even begin to fathom what Adnan’s family must feel like, let alone his old girlfriends. I’d imagine that they would be okay with the popularity of Serial since frankly, I don’t think it would still be up if they weren’t, I just feel like it would be a terrible constant reminder as of what happened to her.

Overall, podcasts are a very interesting form of media.  It’s neat how its really one of the only forms that lets you do other things while you listen, like driving to work or playing a game.  I really enjoyed the podcast, I think I’ll be listening to them more often now. Let me know what guys think about Serial if you haven’t checked it out yet.  

Thanks for reading!

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Works cited

Koenig, Sarah. “Episode 01: The Alibi.” Serial, serialpodcast.org/season-one/1/the-alibi.

Feminist Perspective on “Brave New World”, by Aldous Huxley

New video is up!

 

 

Works Cited

bluescrawler72. “30 Minutes of Lifetime Silently Passing by – Hourglass.” YouTube, YouTube, 10 Dec. 2017, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T1TFe9NQtQ.

“Feminism.” Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feminism.

“Free HD Stock Footage of Happy Meeting || Man and Woman Talking in Restaurant.” YouTube, YouTube, 27 Feb. 2018, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2v26aEJjxOc.

“High Resolution Heart Png Clipart #38773 – Free Icons and PNG Backgrounds.” Freeiconspng.com, http://www.freeiconspng.com/img/38773.

HQMEDIA. “Attractive Woman Trying on Dress and Looking in Mirror.” YouTube, YouTube, 14 Mar. 2017, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7aU-Nisw3Q.

Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World with the Essay “Brave New World Revisited. Harper Perennial, 2010.

jks18354. “Beautiful Footage Of A Tower Of Giraffe On The African Savannah.” YouTube, YouTube, 5 Oct. 2017, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7X8RcMDBwmk.

Shmoop Editorial Team. “Brave New World.” Shmoop, Shmoop University, 11 Nov. 2008, http://www.shmoop.com/brave-new-world/.

TheDocumenteriesTube. “EARTH FROM SPACE: Like You’ve Never Seen Before.” YouTube, YouTube, 27 June 2015, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4IhCSMkADc.

Videezy. “Free HD Stock Footage of Scientists Gathering in a Bright Lobby.” YouTube, YouTube, 24 May 2017, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YM6BOD_ewYc.

Archetypal View on “Brave New World”

Every person has a slightly different view of everything they read.   

 

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Book Cover

Brave New World by Aldous Huxley is a novel all about this idea of a world where we use science to create people of certain castes that are only good for specific tasks.  I find the story very interesting so far and I can tell that there is a lot of room for interpretation and controversy surrounding the concept of farming and training people.  To begin, I’d like to mention the different castes. Castes are like the different social classes in the story. Each of the castes has their own thing that they are good at, what other caste(s) they are compatible with, their likes, and their dislikes, all of which are the same throughout each member of a specific caste.  This is the first thing that comes to mind for me when analyzing the novel from an archetypal view. The following is a couple of quotes that mentions all of the castes and their corresponding colour, keep this in mind since I’ll be referring to it later.

 

Castes

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A graphic I made displaying the different castes and their colours.
Alpha children wear grey They work much harder than we do, because they’re so frightfully clever. I’m really awfully glad I’m a Beta, because I don’t work so hard. And then we are much better than the Gammas and Deltas. Gammas are stupid. They all wear green, and Delta children wear khaki. Oh no, I don’t want to play with Delta children. And Epsilons are still worse. They’re too stupid to be able to read or write. Besides they wear black, which is such a beastly colour. I’m so glad I’m a Beta.” (Huxley 29)
Mulberry-coloured Beta-Minuses came and went among the crowd” (58)

To put a definition to the perspective, “An archetype can be: a statement, pattern of behavior, or prototype (model) which other statements, patterns of behavior, and objects copy or emulate.” (Wikipedia).  For this specific example, I’m looking at the prototype/model aspect of the archetypal view.  The novel has created a model for what the current norms are for society, they now build and train people all the way from even before birth to follow these models they have created for each caste.  Life has now become following the same pattern in behaviors for every person with other castes to ensure that people don’t get bored just being who they are.  

Colours

 

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My personal Archetypes

The next main thing that I would like to mention is their assigned colour.  Each caste has its own designated colour that they wear, that way any member of another caste can quickly identify if they are compatible with that person or if they should avoid them.  If you think about it, a person’s caste is almost identical to a person’s archetype. Personally, I am 67% a caregiver, 22% creative, and 11% intellectual. This is referring to how much of each of the main archetypes I am most similar to. Each caste works the same way, while a person is developing they force certain situations and chemicals onto it to make it more like a certain archetype to keep society balanced.   

Symbols

Now, I’d like to run through some of the characters to see how they compare to some of the main Archetypes found in literature.  To begin, let’s talk about Helmholtz Watson and Bernard.

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A logo for “Mentor”

Helmholtz Watson is an Alpha male who is said to be nearly the perfect example of his caste.  Helmholtz is very smart, strong, and wise like a mentor.  In Chapter four, Helmholtz said “‘These women!’ he said, as the machine rose into the air. ‘These women!’ And he shook his head, he frowned. ‘Too awful,’” (63).  Helmholtz, having everything he could ever ask for in Bernards’ eyes, is wise and sees little meaning in women and sex, saying “Too awful” when a flock of women throw themselves at him.  Helmholtz has everything Bernard wants in life

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A logo I made for “Pupil”

since Bernard is considered sub-par for his caste, but Helmholtz knows better and helps Bernard understand that they are individuals and that following your caste isn’t everything you should care about.  This is why I see Helmholtz Watson as the Mentor, to Bernard being the pupil.

 

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Wheel of Archetypes

 

My other main symbol that I see is the Soma.  I like to think of soma as the Fox in the novel although the fox is usually used to describe a character.  Lenina says, “why you don’t take soma when you have these dreadful ideas of yours. You’d forget all about them. And instead of feeling miserable, you’d be jolly. So jolly,” (81).  Soma is used to lift one’s spirits and to escape their worries, some people use soma so often that they find it difficult to socialize normally without it (JAMEADOWS).

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Fox art for “The Fox”

 So some people see soma as a way of life, like Lenina, to trick their minds out of worry, to keep social order.  And there are others like Helmholtz who don’t seem to be active users and seek to feel successful on their own terms, not falling for the trickster that is brought out in people when they take soma.  

 

Works Cited

“Archetype.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 July 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archetype.

Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. Arcturus Publishing Limited, 2018.

“In Brave New World, What Is Soma? Can It Be Compared to Prozac?” Enotes.com, Enotes.com, http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/brave-new-world-what-soma-can-compared-prozac-177079.

English is Mandatory for a Reason

From the very beginning of your education, you are taught English.  Of course to not only speak the language but also learn how to properly communicate with it on paper.

The limits of my language are the limits of my world.❞ ‒Ludwig Wittgenstein

You learn English your entire life.  Through the course of your education up to grade 12, you are required to take and pass four English courses (one for each grade) in order to graduate from middle school and to apply to almost any University, but there are good reasons behind it.

Let’s say you were trying to become a journalist.  Your life would quickly become writing essays all the time since now it’s your career.  So of course, you would need your English credit! The course you’re applying for is based on the language after all, but aren’t they all?

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Man using English knowledge for blogging

In almost any career path you will find that it is mandatory to communicate with others and be able to properly write formal reports or documentation.  Take an engineer or a shop worker for example.  You will find a load of hands-on work which would make it appear that a simple English credit wouldn’t have helped them where they are now, but that’s only because you aren’t seeing all of the documentation they are also writing and reading.  Research, documenting, reporting; all of which would be much more difficult without a vast knowledge of the language.

Another great benefit of having your grade 12 English is that you would be able to keep your options open if you ever wanted to switch career paths.  My cousin, for example, attended college for arts and photography.  Only about a year in she dropped out but the opportunities for Universities were still very open.  Without the last English, she wouldn’t have been able to handle all of the essays or be able to succeed at all since almost all work in most universities is written through formal essays.

Aside from education, I would also like to outline the use of English in our everyday lives.  English is how we communicate and how we convey a message.  Imagine you are talking to a friend trying to describe something but you have forgotten the word for it, that feeling would constantly fall over you, painful in an instance where you may be doing this for your job or your academics.  Even getting that job that you could be throwing away, you have to write a proper resume and cover letter and sometimes even submit examples of previous work you’ve done, all of this requires our language with proper ability to communicate clearly.  Losing that would mean a change in all of the media and its language.

In conclusion, since we rely on language for everything we do, and use it to apply for our jobs and use it for the contracts and laws we sign to keep our rights in check I truly believe English should remain mandatory.  After all “Language is merely the structure to the chaos” -anonymous.

Thanks for reading,

– Samson

 

Citations

“Academic Course Requirements | Engineering.” Campus Wellness, 7 Dec. 2017, uwaterloo.ca/engineering/future-undergraduate-students/application-process/academic-course-requirements.

“Ludwig Wittgenstein.” Peanuts – Wikiquote, en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein.